U-boat Operations
The most successful U-boat patrols
The most important thing for the U-boat force was the success of its boats. Since the war was a "tonnage war" designed to sink more ships than the Allies could replace the size and number of ships sunk is the most important factor in determining success.
Below are two tables; the most successful patrols in terms of tonnage sunk or damaged and also listed by most succesful patrols in tons hit per day. A great number of ships sunk during a long war patrol is less valuable than the same number of ships sunk in much shorter patrol.
These numbers only count ships sunk. They do include warships. Please click on "View" for each patrol for full information.
Most successful patrols
Patrols with over 45,000 tons sunk
U-boat | Type | Commander | Departure | End of patrol | Days | Ships hit | Tons | Tons a day | ||
1. | U-107 | IXB | Kptlt. Günter Hessler | 29 Mar 1941 | 2 Jul 1941 | 95 | 14 | 86,699 | 913 | View |
2. | U-105 | IXB | Kptlt. Georg Schewe | 22 Feb 1941 | 13 Jun 1941 | 111 | 12 | 71,450 | 644 | View |
3. | U-103 | IXB | KrvKpt. Viktor Schütze | 1 Apr 1941 | 12 Jul 1941 | 102 | 13 | 65,172 | 639 | View |
4. | U-159 | IXC | Kptlt. Helmut Friedrich Witte | 24 Aug 1942 | 5 Jan 1943 | 134 | 11 | 63,730 | 476 | View |
5. | U-158 | IXC | Kptlt. Erwin Rostin * | 4 May 1942 | 30 Jun 1942 | 57 | 12 | 62,536 | 1,097 | View |
6. | U-99 | VIIB | Kptlt. Otto Kretschmer * | 22 Feb 1941 | 17 Mar 1941 | 23 | 7 | 61,711 | 2,683 | View |
7. | U-172 | IXC | Kptlt. Carl Emmermann | 19 Aug 1942 | 27 Dec 1942 | 130 | 8 | 60,048 | 462 | View |
8. | U-515 | IXC | Kptlt. Werner Henke | 21 Feb 1943 | 24 Jun 1943 | 123 | 10 | 58,456 | 475 | View |
9. | U-181 | IXD2 | Kptlt. Wolfgang Lüth | 12 Sep 1942 | 18 Jan 1943 | 128 | 12 | 58,381 | 456 | View |
10. | U-68 | IXC | KrvKpt. Karl-Friedrich Merten | 20 Aug 1942 | 6 Dec 1942 | 108 | 9 | 56,330 | 522 | View |
11. | U-502 | IXC | Kptlt. Jürgen von Rosenstiel * | 22 Apr 1942 | 6 Jul 1942 | 75 | 9 | 54,045 | 721 | View |
12. | U-124 | IXB | Kptlt. Georg-Wilhelm Schulz | 23 Feb 1941 | 1 May 1941 | 67 | 11 | 53,297 | 795 | View |
13. | U-130 | IXC | KrvKpt. Ernst Kals | 4 Jul 1942 | 12 Sep 1942 | 70 | 7 | 51,528 | 736 | View |
14. | U-47 | VIIB | Kptlt. Günther Prien | 3 Jun 1940 | 6 Jul 1940 | 33 | 8 | 51,189 | 1,551 | View |
15. | U-68 | IXC | KrvKpt. Karl-Friedrich Merten | 14 May 1942 | 10 Jul 1942 | 57 | 7 | 50,774 | 891 | View |
16. | U-123 | IXB | Kptlt. Reinhard Hardegen | 23 Dec 1941 | 9 Feb 1942 | 48 | 9 | 50,766 | 1,058 | View |
17. | U-159 | IXC | Kptlt. Helmut Friedrich Witte | 14 May 1942 | 13 Jul 1942 | 60 | 11 | 50,505 | 842 | View |
18. | U-100 | VIIB | Kptlt. Joachim Schepke | 11 Sep 1940 | 25 Sep 1940 | 14 | 7 | 50,340 | 3,596 | View |
19. | U-508 | IXC | Kptlt. Georg Staats | 17 Oct 1942 | 6 Jan 1943 | 81 | 9 | 50,265 | 621 | View |
20. | U-177 | IXD2 | Kptlt. Robert Gysae | 17 Sep 1942 | 22 Jan 1943 | 127 | 8 | 49,371 | 389 | View |
21. | U-66 | IXC | Kptlt. Friedrich Markworth | 23 Jun 1942 | 29 Sep 1942 | 98 | 9 | 49,274 | 503 | View |
22. | U-65 | IXB | Kptlt. Hans-Gerrit von Stockhausen | 15 Oct 1940 | 10 Jan 1941 | 87 | 8 | 47,794 | 549 | View |
23. | U-38 | IX | Kptlt. Heinrich Liebe | 9 Apr 1941 | 24 Jun 1941 | 76 | 8 | 47,279 | 622 | View |
24. | U-162 | IXC | FrgKpt. Jürgen Wattenberg | 7 Apr 1942 | 8 Jun 1942 | 62 | 9 | 47,181 | 761 | View |
25. | U-178 | IXD2 | Kpt. Hans Ibbeken | 8 Sep 1942 | 10 Jan 1943 | 124 | 6 | 47,097 | 380 | View |
26. | U-125 | IXC | Kptlt. Ulrich Folkers | 4 Apr 1942 | 13 Jun 1942 | 70 | 9 | 47,055 | 672 | View |
27. | U-106 | IXB | Oblt. Jürgen Oesten | 26 Feb 1941 | 17 Jun 1941 | 111 | 8 | 46,488 | 419 | View |
28. | U-552 | VIIC | Kptlt. Erich Topp | 7 Mar 1942 | 27 Apr 1942 | 51 | 7 | 45,731 | 897 | View |
29. | U-96 | VIIC | Kptlt. Heinrich Lehmann-Willenbrock | 30 Jan 1941 | 28 Feb 1941 | 29 | 7 | 45,391 | 1,565 | View |
30. | U-181 | IXD2 | Kptlt. Wolfgang Lüth | 23 Mar 1943 | 14 Oct 1943 | 205 | 10 | 45,331 | 221 | View |
31. | U-160 | IXC | Kptlt. Georg Lassen | 6 Jan 1943 | 10 May 1943 | 124 | 7 | 45,205 | 365 | View |
2,680 | 282 | 1,670,419 | 623 |
Legend
* The U-boat was lost during this patrol.
Kptlt. Joachim Schepke's patrol with his U-100 from 11 - 25 Sep 1940 was truly outstanding as he needed only 3 hours to sink these seven ships - he also only spent 14 days at sea, the shortest patrol on this list.
This list is dominated by the larger ocean-going type IX boats as they tended to patrol more distant areas and were loaded with more torpedoes than the smaller type VII boats we see more on the table below. Many of the patrols were to South African or American waters, taking long time to reach their areas but often offered plentiful hunting opportunities.
Most successful patrols, by tons per day
U-boat | Type | Commander | Departure | End of patrol | Days | Ships hit | Tons | Tons a day | ||
1. | U-32 | VIIA | Oblt. Hans Jenisch * | 24 Oct 1940 | 30 Oct 1940 | 6 | 1 | 42,348 | 7,058 | View |
2. | U-99 | VIIB | Kptlt. Otto Kretschmer | 30 Oct 1940 | 8 Nov 1940 | 9 | 4 | 42,407 | 4,712 | View |
3. | U-45 | VIIB | Kptlt. Alexander Gelhaar * | 9 Oct 1939 | 14 Oct 1939 | 5 | 2 | 19,313 | 3,863 | View |
4. | U-100 | VIIB | Kptlt. Joachim Schepke | 11 Sep 1940 | 25 Sep 1940 | 14 | 7 | 50,340 | 3,596 | View |
5. | U-47 | VIIB | Kptlt. Günther Prien | 8 Oct 1939 | 17 Oct 1939 | 9 | 1 | 29,150 | 3,239 | View |
6. | U-99 | VIIB | Kptlt. Otto Kretschmer | 13 Oct 1940 | 22 Oct 1940 | 9 | 6 | 27,396 | 3,044 | View |
7. | U-99 | VIIB | Kptlt. Otto Kretschmer | 25 Jul 1940 | 5 Aug 1940 | 11 | 4 | 32,345 | 2,940 | View |
8. | U-34 | VIIA | Kptlt. Wilhelm Rollmann | 23 Jul 1940 | 3 Aug 1940 | 11 | 5 | 29,990 | 2,726 | View |
9. | U-99 | VIIB | Kptlt. Otto Kretschmer * | 22 Feb 1941 | 17 Mar 1941 | 23 | 7 | 61,711 | 2,683 | View |
10. | U-99 | VIIB | Kptlt. Otto Kretschmer | 27 Nov 1940 | 12 Dec 1940 | 15 | 4 | 34,291 | 2,286 | View |
11. | U-47 | VIIB | Kptlt. Günther Prien | 14 Oct 1940 | 23 Oct 1940 | 9 | 4 | 20,124 | 2,236 | View |
12. | U-96 | VIIC | Kptlt. Heinrich Lehmann-Willenbrock | 9 Jan 1941 | 22 Jan 1941 | 13 | 2 | 29,054 | 2,235 | View |
13. | U-138 | IID | Oblt. Wolfgang Lüth | 10 Sep 1940 | 26 Sep 1940 | 16 | 4 | 34,644 | 2,165 | View |
14. | U-57 | IIC | Oblt. Erich Topp | 15 Jul 1940 | 20 Jul 1940 | 5 | 2 | 10,612 | 2,122 | View |
15. | U-48 | VIIB | Kptlt. Heinrich Bleichrodt | 8 Sep 1940 | 25 Sep 1940 | 17 | 7 | 34,418 | 2,025 | View |
16. | U-32 | VIIA | Oblt. Hans Jenisch | 18 Sep 1940 | 6 Oct 1940 | 18 | 7 | 35,782 | 1,988 | View |
17. | U-48 | VIIB | Kptlt. Heinrich Bleichrodt | 5 Oct 1940 | 27 Oct 1940 | 22 | 7 | 43,106 | 1,959 | View |
18. | U-558 | VIIC | Kptlt. Günther Krech | 11 Oct 1941 | 25 Oct 1941 | 14 | 4 | 26,988 | 1,928 | View |
19. | U-37 | IX | Kptlt. Victor Oehrn | 17 Aug 1940 | 30 Aug 1940 | 13 | 7 | 24,409 | 1,878 | View |
20. | U-123 | IXB | Kptlt. Karl-Heinz Moehle | 14 Nov 1940 | 28 Nov 1940 | 14 | 5 | 25,676 | 1,834 | View |
253 | 90 | 654,104 | 2,585 |
Legend
* The U-boat was lost during this patrol.
Otto Kretschmer's achievements can clearly be seen on this list. He took his U-99 out on 8 patrols and 5 of those are on the top 10 best patrols by tons sunk per day! Jenish's score of a single 42,348 ton ship during a 6-day patrol is also impossible to beat.
This list is dominated by the smaller type VII boats as they tended to have shorter patrols and carried much fewer torpedoes than the larger type IX boats.